What Exactly Are Internal Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are scientifically defined as, "the blood vessel-filled tissue at the end of the anus and the rectum." When used in the popular sense of, "I have hemorrhoids," the term refers to vein varicosities in the hemorrhoids, that is to say swollen, intertwined and/or enlarged veins within the tissue at the end of the rectum and the anus. Perianal hematoma, which is bruising caused by ruptured veins in the perianal tissue, can be mistaken for and misdiagnosed as hemorrhoids. The treatment for hemorrhoids is completely different than the remedy for perianal hematoma. This text would concentrate on internal hemorrhoids.

There are two forms of hemorrhoids, internal and external. For our purposes, we shall define internal hemorrhoids as, "varicosities (swollen, knotted and/or enlarged veins) within the hemorrhoid tissue inside the rectum."

Hemorrhoid tissue within the rectum drains the area of the superior rectal arteries. The tissue in this particular area does not have pain receptors. Therefore, internal hemorrhoids typically go unnoticed unless irritated, at which time they may bleed. At times other rectal issues are wrongly identified as hemorrhoids. Conditions that can create hemorrhoid-like signs or symptoms include abscesses, anal irritation, itching or melanoma, fistulae, and fissures.

Internal hemorrhoids are usually not life threatening or dangerous. Mild hemorrhoid signs or symptoms often resolve in a couple of days. Many individuals with hemorrhoids don't manifest symptoms. For most, their first sign of hemorrhoids is blood on the feces, toilet paper or inside the bowl. When an inflamed internal hemorrhoid is forced outside the anus, typically during defecation, it is called a protruding hemorrhoid. With hemorrhoids, rubbing and wiping of the anus makes matters worse. The irritation can bring about a cycle of signs or symptoms.

Without correct treatment internal hemorrhoids can worsen to prolapsed hemorrhoids or even strangulated hemorrhoids. A prolapsed hemorrhoid is a protruding internal hemorrhoid that's outside the anus even when the anus is closed. Note the development: from an internal hemorrhoid to a protruding hemorrhoid to a prolapsed hemorrhoid.

The last stage is a strangulated hemorrhoid. This occurs when the sphincter, attempting to rid itself of the irritant of the prolapsed hemorrhoid, goes spastic. The muscle spasm cuts off the blood supply to the veins inside the hemorrhoid, strangling it.

The Banov grading system is the most common means of classifying hemorrhoids by severity. In the Banov system, hemorrhoids are ranked on a scale of 1-4 A grade 1 hemorrhoid does not protrude - that is, it is a true internal hemorrhoid. Grade two hemorrhoids protrude outside of the anus when defecation is taking place, but spontaneously diminish with the removal of muscle tension and withdraw to an interior position. Grade three hemorrhoids must be manually reduced (squeezed) when defecation is finished to allow to withdraw within the anus. Grade 4 hemorrhoids require surgery as they're external to the body and cannot be manually reduced.

Internal hemorrhoids can be the result of chronic bowel problems, diarrhea, portal hypertension, weight problems, poor muscular tone, poor posture and pregnancy. Too much consumption of alcohol or caffeine is thought to at least aggravate hemorrhoids.

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